The War of the Worlds 1953

A small town in California is attacked by Martians, beginning a worldwide invasion.

The Cast

Gene Barry-Dr. Clayton Forrester
Ann Robinson-Sylvia Van Buren
Les Tremayne-Maj. Gen. Mann
Robert Cornthwaite-Dr. Pryor
Sandro Giglio-Dr. Bilderbeck
Lewis Martin-Pastor Dr. Matthew Collins
Houseley Stevenson Jr.-Gen. Mann's Aide
Paul Frees-Second Radio Reporter

The Director: Byron Haskin
The Writers: H.G. Wells, Barré Lyndon
Music by: Leith Stevens
Certificate : X

Film Trivia

The estate of H.G. Wells was so pleased with the final production that it offered George Pal his choice of any other of Wells' properties. Pal chose The Time Machine (1960).
The Martian war machines were originally going to be walking tripods as they were depicted in H.G. Wells' novel, but George Pal didn't know how a tripod would walk and instead went with the flying machines.
The Martian war machines had about twenty wires running to each one. Some were for suspension and maneuvering, while others carried power to the various lights and mechanisms. This was produced before there were lightweight circuits and sophisticated radio controls.
George Pal initially planned to portray the Martians and their fighting machines similarly to how they appear in the original novel. However, after being informed by a United States Army technical adviser that the Tripods, as they are portrayed in the 1897 novel, would pose no real threat to a 1950s era human military, he opted to change the fighting machines. Namely, Pal chose to introduce the atom bomb-resistant deflector shields.
This film had a budget of $2,000,000. Of that sum, $600,000 (30%) was spent on the live action scenes while $1,400,000 (70%) was spent on the extensive and elaborate special effects.
In one of the montages of destruction in the film, Martian fighting machines were superimposed over black and white footage of a lava flow destroying buildings in and around Naples, Italy, during the 1944 eruption of Mt. Vesuvius.
As an homage to Orson Welles and his famous "War of the Worlds" radio broadcast, on Sunday evening, October 30th, 1938, on radio, voice specialist Paul Frees appears on-screen as a radio reporter and does his famous Orson Welles's vocal impersonation.
None of the original Martian war machines exist today. They were made out of copper, and after production, they were reportedly donated to a Boy Scout copper drive.
The sound effects of the Martian war machines' heat ray were created from three electric guitars played backward. The sound of the Martian screaming after Forrester hit it was a mixture of a microphone scraping along dry ice and a woman's scream played backward. The former set of sound effects became widely used stock sound effects after the film was released. They are still in use.
Paramount Pictures always wanted to put out a stereo version of The War of the Worlds (1953) on home video, but couldn't do so because the only archival sound elements it did not have from the film were the ones of the Martian ships. Luckily, the makers of the War of the Worlds (1988) television series had to recreate the sounds of the Martian warships from scratch for the series, which Paramount used to finally create its stereo version of the science-fiction classic.
Filming was halted briefly, two days into filming, when Paramount discovered that its filming rights of the novel were only for a silent version. It was quickly resolved through the kind permission of H.G. Wells' estate.
The two Martian machines that crash in Los Angeles are really the same machine from a different angle with the film image reversed.
The Flying Wing depicted in the movie is the Northrop YB-49. Two were built and both crashed. Stock footage was used in the movie.
The name of the protagonist, Dr. Clayton Forrester, was borrowed by the popular series Mystery Science Theatre 3000 (1988) to be the name of their villainous scientist.
Originally, the Martian war machines were supposed to walk on visible electronic beams. This was attempted by having electrical sparks emanate from the three holes at the bottom of the machine. This was quickly abandoned for fear of it becoming a major fire hazard. The first two shots of the first war machine emerging from the gully have this effect. During filming, the actors were under the impression that they were dealing with the walking tripod machines of the book. This explains the farmhouse scene when Gene Barry says, "There's a machine standing right along side of us." However, the results of the walking can be seen wherever the Martian machines fly throughout the film, even though the sparking effect was no longer used.
This is the first motion picture to film on the newly completed Harbor Freeway in Los Angeles known as the Stack. The producers got special permission to drive on it before it opened in 1953.
The heat ray was burning welding wire with a blowtorch forcing the sparks off of it.
Ann Robinson hated the wig that she was required to wear for her role as Sylvia. When she finally saw the completed film at a theater, however, she claimed that no one recognized her without the wig.
When Major General Mann first meets Dr. Forrester, he refers to an earlier meeting in Oak Ridge. This refers to Oak Ridge, Tennessee, which was the home to three Manhattan Project plants that enriched and refined uranium during World War II for use in the first atomic bombs. Of the three, one (K-25) was in use until 1985, and one (Y-12) was still in operation as of 2010.
Orson Welles, who rose to prominence with his "War of the Worlds" radio broadcast during the evening before Halloween of 1938, on Sunday evening, October 30th, 1938, and scaring numerous radio listeners, was pressured into making this his first feature film, but he wanted no part of it.
Gene Barry later admitted that acting in the film was was very trying, since he never saw the Martian ships while filming his scenes and had to react blindly to special effects shots that were added later.
Two of the sound effects in this film eventually became iconic sounds in Star Trek (1966). The sound of the war machines hovering went on to be the sound of a hand phaser.. The sound of the "skeleton ray" as Dr. Forrester called it became the sound of a photon torpedo.
A figure of Walter Lantz's most popular character, Woody Woodpecker can be glimpsed in the branches of the tree the initial Martian cylinder meteor flies over. Lantz and George Pal were close friends and Pal always worked an appearance of Woody Woodpecker into each of his films.
Although there is a lot of religious symbolism in the movie, H.G. Wells was a noted agnostic.
Cecil B. DeMille was due to direct the film when the rights were originally purchased in 1925, and Alfred Hitchcock was to direct a proposed version in the 1930s.
Albert Nozaki based his designs of the Martian machines on the shape and movements of manta rays, cobras, and swans.
The sound of the spaceships shutting down was made by vacuum cleaners being turned off.
The prologue of the film shows paintings of the other planets in the Solar System, which the Martians examined and rejected as being unfit for habitation, finally selecting the Earth. The planet Venus, however, is neither shown nor mentioned (it would not be suitable either, as its surface is excessively hot due to an extreme greenhouse effect, is highly volcanic, and plagued by sulfuric acid rains). The paintings were made by Chesley Bonestell, as famous astronomical painter whose works were often published in books on astronomy and space travel in the 1950s.
Reportedly, real army men would salute actor Les Tremayne, thinking he was a real General.
Most of the soldiers in the movie aren't actors; they're actual National Guard troops going through real maneuvers.
The miniature sets were exact duplicates of real L.A. buildings. Ann Robinson recalled, "It looked like Gulliver's Travels."
George Pal originally wanted the audience to put on 3-D glasses when the actors put on goggles. The rest of the movie would have been in 3-D.
The key to the success of this film is Pal's decision to use life-size models rather than miniatures or Harryhausen's stop motion puppets. With the large size models he was able to get incredibly realistic, life-like movement that couldn't be achieved any other way, and up until this point, never had. This presented quite a bit of a challenge in getting the double exposure of the acetylene torches that he used as the cobra-head's ray to match the head's movement. Look carefully in scenes where the machines are shooting and moving at the same time. You will see one of the the cobra head pointed down while the ray is shooting straight ahead; in another shot, the ray shoots to the (screen's) right, but by the time the ray stops, the cobra head is already turned forward and dropped. In one shot the ray seems like it's coming not from the center of the red lens, but off to the side, possibly even from the edge of the head structure and not the lens. Despite these slight imperfections, this was considered a great achievement for SciFi in the 50s.
Reportedly, George Pal wanted to do the final third of the movie in 3-D, starting with the sequence in which the atomic bomb is used unsuccessfully against the Martians.
Ann Robinson is the only member of the cast to reprise the same character role in 1988's weekly TV series War of the Worlds (1988), 35 years later.
An 8-foot-tall miniature of City Hall was blown up from the inside and filmed on high-speed cameras.
In the farmhouse, when the Martian fled from Clayton and Sylvia, Charles Gemora, who had to control the Martian by kneeling in the costume, almost fell out of the back of the suit when one of the workers pulled the platform on which the Martian was kneeling out of the shot, too fast. If you look closely at the scene, you can see the Martian is tipping over slightly.
By way of acknowledging the part that Cecil B. DeMille had played in bringing the story to the screen, George Pal wanted him to narrate the film, but DeMille suggested Sir Cedric Hardwicke instead. Pal also paid tribute to DeMille in the film by having his film Samson and Delilah (1949) listed on the theater marquee early in the film.
In the theatrical trailer, when the first Martian meteor hits the Earth, there is a large explosion and a cloud of smoke. In the film itself, the same shot contains only a flash when the meteor hits.
The Martian death ray sound is chords from three electric guitars played backwards with added reverb.
Fifty actors were actually filmed for the scene on the hill, then their images were copied and pasted to create hundreds.
In an apparent homage to the famous Orson Welles's radio broadcast, on Sunday evening, October 30th, 1938, when the hatch of the Martian machine begins to unscrew, the same technique, a metal lid being turned on a glass jar, was used to create the sound effect.
Cecil B. DeMille's personal choice to produce the film after Alfred Hitchcock declined to direct the film was George Pal, who was renowned for his Puppetoon animation technique and two earlier live-action sci-fi films: Destination Moon (1950) and When Worlds Collide (1951). However, DeMille gave complete control to Pal over the production, and Byron Haskin was ultimately chosen to direct the film, a decision with which DeMille was pleased.
The special edition release of the movie on DVD contains as a bonus feature, the original radio broadcast of Orson Welles' radio broadcast of War of the Worlds.
The project was secured by Paramount in 1924.
To create the mushroom cloud, a metal drum filled with explosive gas was detonated which blew colourful explosive powders resting on top of the drum 75 feet into the air.
Recordings of real artillery shells was used to created the sound of the meteor landing.
Any vaporizing in the movie was created by rotoscoping, which is tracing animation over live-action footage.
The vibrating noise the machines make is the feedback from a magnetic recorder.
Throughout the movie, the cast is seen drinking Coke because Ann Robinson's contract forbade her from appearing to drink alcohol.
Lee Marvin was offered the male lead.
Although the exact location of the first Martian landings isn't clearly identified, geographical references in dialog from the film would place it in the Puente Hills, about 25 miles due east of Santa Monica adjacent to the Pomona Freeway, south of West Covina.
For the force fields, the crew filmed plastic bubbles against a black screen and layered that over the war machines.
Included among the American Film Institute's 1998 list of the 400 movies nominated for the Top 100 Greatest American Movies.
The Martian machines are always seen marching from screen right to screen left with the exception of the sequence that contains the montage of the international efforts against the Martians.
In 2011, The War of the Worlds (1953) was added to the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress.
Makeup artist Charles Gemora had to create two Martians because the original was too big.
Makeup artist Charles Gemora and his daughter built the Martian out of papier-mâché and sheet rubber. They didn't have time to make new arms, so this Martian has the giant arms of the original.
Art director Albert Nozaki modeled the Martian periscope after a cobra's head. He also based the shape of the war machines on a manta ray.
Two of the characters from Orson Welles 1938 radio broadcast (portrayed in the film by different actors), Professor Pearson (the main player in the radio broadcast), and the ill-fated journalist Carl Phillips, made brief appearances at the site of the first Martian landing, in New Jersey, on Sunday evening October 30th, 1938.
Production of this film was completed just as the transition from Academy ratio to wide screen was taking place. For this reason, though the film was shot at an aspect ratio of 1.37:1, and in fact was shown in the UK in this format, for US domestic release it was shown theatrically at the aspect ratio of 1.66:1.
To create the Martian death ray, the crew sprayed blowtorches across melting welding wire.
Robert Rockwell appears, uncredited, as a State Trooper in the film. Rockwell was the male lead in Our Miss Brooks (1952). When that series changed it's format, Rockwell was replaced by Gene Barry, the lead in this film.
In an early version of the script, Dr. Forrester and Sylvia were engaged. In this version, according to Ann Robinson, there's no real romantic interest between them.
Ann Robinson reprised the role of Sylvia Van Buren in the B-movie, The Naked Monster (2005).
Bob Hope appears in the film, not as an actor, but his name is on a large, red billboard seen after one of the churches visited by Dr. Clayton Forrester.
During the film shooting in Arizona, the Arizona National Guard played the part of the Army troops, using real armored vehicles, tanks, and personnel carriers.
Most of the filming took place on Stage 18, the largest stage at Paramount Studios.
The images of each planet in the Solar System that appear at the beginning of the film are paintings by Chesley Bonestell which appear in the original 1949 edition of the book "The Conquest Of Space" by Willy Ley.
The paintings seen in the beginning of the film were done by Chesley Bonestell, whose art hangs in the National Air & Space Museum. Bonestell also helped design the Golden Gate Bridge and the Chrysler Building.
The tripods in this film are not the only invader to begin with tri; there is also the Triffids from John Wyndham's The Day of the Triffids.
The number "three" recurs many times throughout the picture. The Martian cylinders are said to land in groups of three and there are three war machines to each cylinder. The Martians have three fingers on each hand and there are three pupils in the Martian eye. Early in the film, three men are instructed to watch the newly landed cylinder. Later, Dr. Forrester and two other men travel in a squad car to the cylinder. The lead fireman calls to headquarters: "Number three to D.O." At the conclusion, Forrester visits three churches before finding Sylvia.
Since the scene where Uncle Matthew attempts to communicate with the Martians was created separately, Ann Robinson wasn't actually looking at anything when she screams at his death. In an interview, Robinson said that she was simply told to scream as loud as she could.
The disintegration of Colonel Heffner took 144 (a gross) individual mattes. Earlier in the scene, the stuntman who portrayed the soldier catching on fire was badly burned from the flames getting out of control.
The Martian machines were models suspended from wires. For the final sequences where the machines die, they are shown crashing into telegraph poles - this allowed the filmmakers to hide the suspension wires with the telegraph wires.
The scripture Pastor Matthew was reciting before being disintegrated by the Martians, is Psalms 23 of the Original King James Version of the Bible. (Before, different versions were created, replacing old English with 21st Century English. 4 SAMPLES: Thou = You. Yea = Yes. Wot = Know. Ass = Donkey.)